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Communicative eye contact signals a commitment to cooperate for young children
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Natural reference : a phylo- and ontogenetic perspective on the comprehension of iconic gestures and vocalizations
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Young children spontaneously recreate core properties of language in a new modality
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In: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2019)
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Abstract:
How the world’s 6,000+ natural languages have arisen is mostly unknown. Yet, new sign languages have emerged recently among deaf people brought together in a community, offering insights into the dynamics of language evolution. However, documenting the emergence of these languages has mostly consisted of studying the end product; the process by which ad hoc signs are transformed into a structured communication system has not been directly observed. Here we show how young children create new communication systems that exhibit core features of natural languages in less than 30 min. In a controlled setting, we blocked the possibility of using spoken language. In order to communicate novel messages, including abstract concepts, dyads of children spontaneously created novel gestural signs. Over usage, these signs became increasingly arbitrary and conventionalized. When confronted with the need to communicate more complex meanings, children began to grammatically structure their gestures. Together with previous work, these results suggest that children have the basic skills necessary, not only to acquire a natural language, but also to spontaneously create a new one. The speed with which children create these structured systems has profound implications for theorizing about language evolution, a process which is generally thought to span across many generations, if not millennia.
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Keyword:
Biological Sciences
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URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6926062/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31792169
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1904871116
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| 7 |
Identifying partially schematic units in the code-mixing of an English and German speaking child
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Children’s understanding of first- and third-person perspectives in complement clauses and false-belief tasks ...
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| 11 |
The role of past interactions in great apes’ communication about absent entities
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| 12 |
German children’s use of word order and case marking to interpret simple and complex sentences:testing differences between constructions and lexical items
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Children’s understanding of first and third person perspectives in complement clauses and false belief tasks
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| 14 |
German Children’s Use of Word Order and Case Marking to Interpret Simple and Complex Sentences: Testing Differences Between Constructions and Lexical Items
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Lexical frequency and exemplar-based learning effects in language acquisition: evidence from sentential complements
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In: Language Sciences (2015)
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Lexical frequency and exemplar-based learning effects in language acquisition: evidence from sentential complements
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In: Language Sciences (2015)
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| 17 |
The discourse bases of relativization: An investigation of young German and English-speaking children's comprehension of relative clauses
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In: Cognitive Linguistics (2015)
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| 18 |
The discourse bases of relativization: An investigation of young German and English-speaking children's comprehension of relative clauses
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In: Cognitive Linguistics (2015)
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| 19 |
German children's use of word order and case marking to interpret simple and complex sentences:testing differences between constructions and lexical items
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